Notes：

1. All costs are construction hard cost including preliminaries but excluding land cost, finance expenses, professional fees, government charges, sales and promotion costs, contingencies etc.
2. The cost unit rates are based on construction floor area (CFA) measured to the outside face of external walls and including basement and foundation.

Construction Costs for Selected Cities —— Q1 2024

USD 1= GBP 0.79 | USD 1= MYR 4.75 | USD 1= SGD 1.35 | USD 1= THB 36.61 | USD 1= AUD 1.53

Notes：

1. All costs are construction hard cost including preliminaries but excluding land cost, finance expenses, professional fees, government charges, sales and promotion costs, contingencies etc.
2. The cost unit rates are based on construction floor area (CFA) measured to the outside face of external walls and including basement and foundation.