Notes：

1. All costs are construction hard cost including preliminaries but excluding land cost, finance expenses, professional fees, government charges, sales and promotion costs, contingencies etc.
2. The cost unit rates are based on construction floor area (CFA) measured to the outside face of external walls and including basement and foundation.

Basic Material Supply and Labour Cost of Major Cities —— H1 2025

USD 1= HKD 7.79，USD 1= RMB 7.33, USD 1= GBP 0.81 , USD 1= MYR 4.51, USD 1= SGD 1.36 , USD 1= THB 34.83, USD 1= AUD 1.61

Notes：

1. All material prices are before tax and including transportation , procurement and storage charges ;
2. Man-day rates includes labour salary and related labour costs , insurances and statutory benefits . One man-day includes eight working hours.